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The Most Important Aspect of Third-Party Risk Management

March 8, 2022

By Joseph Silvia

Third-party risk management, or TPRM, is a perpetual hot topic in banking and financial services.

Banks are outsourcing and using third parties for a range of products, services and activities as the financial services landscape becomes more digital and distributed. A common refrain among regulators is that “you can outsource the activity, but you can’t outsource the responsibility.” Banks can engage third parties to do what they can’t or don’t want to do, but are still on the hook as if they were providing the product or service directly. This continues to be a common area of focus for examiners and has been identified as an area for potential enforcement actions in the future.

Given the continuing intense focus on third party activities and oversight, one word comes to mind as the most critical component of TPRM compliance: structure. Structure is critical in the development of a TPRM program, including each of its component parts.

Why is it so critical? Structure promotes consistency. Consistency supports compliance. Compliance mitigates risk and liability.

Banks with a consistent approach to TPRM conduct risk assessments more easily, plan for third party engagements, complete comprehensive due diligence, adequately document the relationship in a written agreement and monitor the relationship on an ongoing basis. Consistency, through structure, ultimately promotes compliance.

Structure will become increasingly important in TPRM compliance, given that the Federal Reserve Board, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corp. and the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency issued proposed interagency guidance on TPRM last summer. While the guidance has not been finalized as of this publication, the concepts and substantive components have been in play for some time; indeed, they are based largely on the OCC’s 2013 guidance and FAQs on the topic.

Generally, the proposed guidance contemplates a “framework based on sound risk management principles for banking organizations to consider in developing risk management practices for all stages in the life cycle of third-party relationships.” Like other areas of risk management, this framework should be tailored based on the risks involved and the size and complexity of the banking organization. Fortunately, interagency guidance will enhance the consistency of the regulatory examination of TPRM compliance across banks of all sizes and charter-types.

The proposed guidance outlines the general TPRM “life cycle” and identifies a number of principles for each of the following stages: planning, due diligence and third-party selection, contract negotiation, ongoing monitoring and termination. The first three stages of this TPRM life cycle benefit the most from a structured approach. These three stages have more stated principles and expectations outlined by the banking agencies, which can be broken down effectively through a properly structured TPRM program.

So, when looking at improvements to any TPRM program, I suggest bank executives and boards start with structure. Going forward, they should consider the structure of the overall program, the structure of each of the stages of the life cycle outlined by the banking agencies and the structure of compliance function as it relates to TPRM. An effective strategy includes implementing a tailored structure at each stage. If executives can accomplished that, they can streamline compliance and make it more consistent throughout the program. Structure provides certainty as to internal roles and responsibilities, and promotes a consistent approach to working with third parties.